SECOND CONDITIONAL

1.1 Second conditional  clauses are  similar to the first conditionals, we are still talking about the future. The  BIG difference is that in first conditional the chances of the event to happen are strong; in the second conditional  clauses the chances of the events to happen are low or nonexistent. They refer to impossible, imaginary or hypothetical situations. Here are some examples and  their structural elements:

1.2 Notice that whenever you use the second conditional (hypothetical situations), use WERE in all subject pronouns  in the if clause. If I were (you were, he were, she were,  it were, we were, they were).

Here are some examples in affirmative:

• If I won the lottery, I’ d buy a house in Paris.
• If I traveled more often, I’ d be less stressed.
• She’ d be happier if she earned more money.
• If I had a higher income, I wouldn´t have debts all the time.

Examples in negative:

• If I didn´t waste so much time, I’ d have time to enjoy my family more.
• If JIm didn´t practice so much, he wouldn´t be this great in English.
• If they didn´t spend so much on useless things, they’ d have enough money to uphold  their basic needs.

Examples in questions:

• Would you celebrate If  you  won an all inclusive trip to India?
• Would  you quit your  job if  you married a rich person?
• Would Mr. Kendal  be invited to his friends´ parties if he were kinder and nicer to them?
• Where would you spend you vacation if you had the time and money?

1.3 The second conditional (imaginary situations)  is also used to give advice. We use the expression : "If I were you..." For example:

• If I were you, I would travel as much as I could now that we are young.

• If I were you, I would buy a ticket to Korea with that money.
• I would be more tolerant If I were you.

1.4 Lastly, in the second conditional is also possible to use modal verbs, however you must pay extra attention to the intention of the sentence as each modal verb can change the meaning of the statement.

MIGHT _    If I learned English, I might find a job abroad.

SHOULD _ If I had a better-paid job, I should be able to buy that house.

COULD _   If I had more time, I could learn Korean.

Here are  some more examples:

• If Karen spoke better English, she could get the scholarship easily.
• If we lived in Europe, we could speak more languages.
• If he studied more, he might get a scholarship to study abroad.
• My mom could get a better seat on the plane if she knew how to use the online plane booking.

READING COMPREHENSION AND VOCABULARY BUILDING

LIFE LESSONS FROM THE YOUNGEST PERSON TO TRAVEL TO EVERY COUNTRY

SECTION I. Read the following article and fill in the blanks using the words from the box.

Azar, B. S., Azar, D.A., & Koch R.S. (2009). Understanding and Using  English Grammar. Longman.

Barker C. and Mitchell, L. (2004). Mega 1 (First Ed.). Macmillan Publishers.

Hewings, M. (2013) Advanced Grammar in Use with Answers: A Self-Study Reference  and Practice Book for Advanced Learners of English. Cambridge   

                  University Press.

Murphy, R. (2012). English Grammar in Use. Ernst Klett Sprachen.

Murray, L. (2014) English Grammar.  Cambridge University Press.

Images_Compra propia de licencias de banco de imágenes de Pixton y Pngtree, exentas de derechos de autor. https://www-es.pixton.com/ & https://es.pngtree.com/free-backgrounds.Reading Text adapted from https://www.ted.com/talks/lexie_alford_life_lessons_from_the_youngest_person_to_travel_to_every_country

• All practice exercises and charts were  written by Karla Shareni Murillo Granados_2022_ENES- LEÓN-UNAM
• Audio version performed by Kimberly, Isabella, John and Matt_Compra propia de licencia de uso de voces en Voicemaker, exenta de derechos de autor. https://voicemaker.in/ _Connie Reyes Cruz_2022_